I-Graphene Antibacterial Mechanism kunye neSicelo

Umgodi womlomo yinkqubo entsonkothileyo ye-microecosystem eneentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-23,000 zebhaktheriya ezihlala kuyo.Kwiimeko ezithile, ezi bhaktheriya zingabangela ngokuthe ngqo izifo zomlomo kwaye zide zibe nefuthe kwimpilo yonke. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kubonisa imiba eyahlukeneyo, kuquka ukuthotywa kweyeza ngokukhawuleza, ukukhululwa, kunye nokuphuhliswa kokuxhathisa amayeza. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ugxininiso lophando luye lwatshintshela kuphuhliso lwezixhobo ezidibeneyo ezineempawu ezibalaseleyo ze-antimicrobial usebenzisa i-nanomaterials. Okwangoku, izixhobo ze-antibacterial esekwe kwi-nanosilver ion kunye ne-graphene-based antibacterial materials zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwimarike.Kweli nqaku, siza kwazisa indlela ye-graphene yokulwa ne-antibacterial kunye nokusetyenziswa kwishishini lebrashi yamazinyo.

 

IGraphene yikhabhoni enamacala amabini enziwe ngeeathom zekhabhoni ezicwangciswe kwilathisi enehexagonal ene-sp2 hybridized orbitals.I-derivatives yayo ibandakanya igraphene (G), igraphene oxide (GO), kunye ne-graphene oxide encitshisiweyo (rGO). Zinezinto ezikhethekileyo zeekhemikhali zomphezulu ezimacala amathathu kunye nezakhiwo ezibukhali zomphetho obonakalayo. Ngaphezu koko, zisebenza njengabathwali abafanelekileyo bee-antimicrobial agents, zibenza bathembise kakhulu kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo kwimimandla yomlomo ye-antimicrobial.

Iinzuzo zeizixhobo ze-graphene antibacterial

1. Ukhuseleko kunye noBungane kokusiNgqongileyo, Ayinatyhefu: Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide le-nanosilver kunokuphakamisa inkxalabo yokhuseleko ngenxaukuqokelelana okunokwenzeka kunye nokufuduka. Izixa eziphezulu zesilivere zinokuba yingozi kakhulu ebantwini nakwizilwanyana ezanyisayo, njengoko zinokungena kwimitochondria, iimbumba, isibindi, iinkqubo zokujikeleza kwegazi, kunye namanye amalungu omzimba ngokuphefumla. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba amasuntswana e-nanosilver abonakalisa ubutyhefu obunamandla xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinanoparticles zentsimbi ezifana ne-aluminium kunye negolide. Ngenxa yoko, i-European Union igcina isimo esilumkileyo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-nanosilver antimicrobial materials.Okuchasene, izixhobo ezilwa nee-antimicrobial ezisekwe kwigraphene zisebenzisa iindlela ezininzi zokuvala iintsholongwane emzimbeni, njenge "nano-mela." Ziyakwazi ukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo kwaye zithintele ukukhula kwebhaktheriyangaphandle kwayo nayiphi na ityhefu yekhemikhali. Ezi zixhobo zidibanisa ngaphandle komthungo kunye nezixhobo zepolymer, ukuze kuqinisekisweakukho detachment eziphathekayo okanye ukufuduka. Ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwezinto ezisekelwe kwigraphene ziqinisekisiwe kakuhle. Ngokomzekelo, kwizicelo ezisebenzayo zemveliso, i-graphene-based PE (i-polyethylene) ifilimu / iingxowa zokugcina ukutya zifumene isatifikethi sokuthotyelwa kwebakala lokutya ngokoMgaqo (EU) 2020/1245 kwi-European Union.
2. Uzinzo Lwexesha elide: Izinto ezisekelwe kwigraphene zibonisa ukuzinza okuphezulu kunye nokuqina, ukubonelelai-antimicrobial effect ehlala ixesha elide iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iimpawu zabo ze-antimicrobial zihlala zisebenza kwixesha elide lokusetyenziswa, okwenza ukuba zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwiimveliso zococeko lomlomo.
3. I-Biocompatibility kunye noKhuseleko:I-Graphene, njengesixhobo esine-carbon-dimensional-dimensional-based, ibonisa ukuhambelana kakuhle kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokhuseleko. Ihambelana neentlobo zezixhobo ezisekelwe kwi-resin kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwiimveliso zokunakekelwa komlomo ngaphandle kokubangela nayiphi na imiphumo emibi kwizicubu zomlomo okanye impilo yonke.
4. Umsebenzi obanzi weSpectrum:Izixhobo ezisekwe kwigraphene zibonisa umsebenzi weantimicrobial obanzi,ekwaziyo ukujolisa uluhlu olubanzi lweebhaktheriya, kubandakanywa zombini iintlobo ze-Gram-positive kunye ne-Gram-negative. BabonisileAmazinga e-antibacterial angama-99.9%ngokuchasene ne-Escherichia coli, i-Staphylococcus aureus, kunye ne-Candida albicans. Oku kubenza basebenziseke kwaye basebenze kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zempilo yomlomo.

 

I-graphene antibacterial mechanism imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Inkqubo ye-antibacterial yegrapheneifundwe kakhulu liqela lentsebenziswano lamazwe ngamazwe. Kubandakanya abaphandi abavela kwi-Chinese Academy of Sciences, i-IBM Watson Research Centre, kunye neYunivesithi yase-Columbia. Benze inkqubela phambili ebonakalayo ekufundeni iindlela zemolekyuli zokunxibelelana phakathi kwegraphene kunye ne-bacterial cell membranes. Amaphepha amva nje kwesi sihloko apapashwe kwiphephancwadi elithi "Nanotechnology yendalo."

Ngokutsho kophando lweqela, i-graphene inamandla okuphazamisa i-bacterial cell membranes, ekhokelela ekuvuzeni kwezinto ze-intracellular kunye nokufa kwebhaktheriya. Oku kufunyenweyo kucebisa ukuba igraphene inokusebenza njenge "antibiotic" enganyangekiyo emzimbeni. Uphononongo lubonisa ngakumbi ukuba i-graphene ayizifaki kuphela kwiimbumba zeeseli zebhaktheriya, ibangela ukusikwa, kodwa iphinde ikhuphe iimolekyuli ze-phospholipid ngokuthe ngqo kwi-membrane, ngaloo ndlela iphazamise isakhiwo se-membrane kwaye ibulale ibhaktheriya. Uvavanyo lwe-electron microscopy lunike ubungqina obuthe ngqo bezakhiwo ezingenanto kwimimbrane yeeseli zebhaktiriya emva kokunxibelelana negraphene ene-oxidized, exhasa izibalo zethiyori. Lo mcimbi wokutsalwa kwe-lipid molecule kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-membrane unikeza inoveli indlela yemolekyuli yokuqonda i-cytotoxicity kunye nomsebenzi we-antibacterial we-nanomaterials. Iya kuququzelela uphando olongezelelweyo kwiziphumo zebhayoloji zegraphene nanomaterials kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kwi-biomedicine.

 

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-graphene antibacterial kwishishini lebrashi yamazinyo:

 

Ngenxa yezi zibonelelo zingasentla zemathiriyeli edibeneyo yegraphene, indlela yokulwa neebhaktheriya yegraphene kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kutsale umdla omkhulu kubaphandi kunye neengcali kumashishini anxulumeneyo.

Iibrashi zamazinyo ezilwa ne-graphene, yaziswa nguIqela le-MARBON, sebenzisa iibristle eziyilwe ngokukodwa ezenziwe ngegraphene nanocomposite materials. Ngoko inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukukhula kunye nokuveliswa kweebhaktheriya, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa umngcipheko wezifo zomlomo.

Iibristles zithambile kodwa zomelele, zivumela ukucocwa okuthambileyo kwamazinyo kunye neentsini ngelixa ukhusela impilo ye-enamel kunye neentsini. Ibhrashi yamazinyo ikwabonisa uyilo lomqheba we-ergonomic obonelela ngokubambelela ngokukhululekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo.

Sikholelwa ngokuqinileyo ukuba le brashi yamazinyo echasene ne-antibacterial iya kuzisa amava okhathalelo olukhethekileyo lomlomo. Iyakwazi ukususa ngokufanelekileyo i-plaque yamazinyo kunye ne-debris yokutya. Ukongeza, ibonelela ngokhuseleko oluhlala ixesha elide lwe-antibacterial, iqinisekisa ukuba umlomo wakho uhlala umtsha kwaye usempilweni.

 

 

Ukuqukumbela:

Iibrashi zamazinyo ezilwa ne-graphene zimele ukuqhubela phambili kwamva nje ekusetyenzisweni kwemathiriyeli yegraphene kwicandelo le-antibacterial. Ngobuchule bazo obukhulu, iibrashi zamazinyo ezilwa ne-graphene zisetelwe ukuguqula ukhathalelo lomlomo, zibonelela abantu ngamava asempilweni kwaye akhululekile ngakumbi okhathalelo lomlomo. Njengoko uphando lwemathiriyeli yegraphene luqhubela phambili, iibhrashi zamazinyo ezilwa ne-graphene ziya kudlala indima enkulu ekukhuthazeni impilo yomlomo kunye nokuphila kakuhle.